How To Create A Directory In Linux
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Linux and Unix mkdir command tutorial with examples
Tutorial on using mkdir, a UNIX and Linux command for creating directories. Examples of creating a directory, creating multiple directories, creating parent directories and setting permissions.
Estimated reading time: 2 minutes
Table of contents
What is the mkdir command in UNIX?
The mkdir command in UNIX allows users to create directories or folders as they are referred to in some operating systems. The mkdir command can create multiple directories at once and also set permissions when creating the directory. The user running the command must have appropriate permissions on the parent directory to create a directory or will receive a permission denied error.
How to create a directory
To create a directory in UNIX or Linux using the mkdir command pass the name of directory to the mkdir command.
mkdir mydirectory ls mydirectory How to create multiple directories
To create multiple directories in UNIX or Linux using the mkdir command pass the names of directories to be created to the mkdir command. The names of directories should be separated by spaces.
mkdir foo bar baz ls foo bar baz How to create parent directories
To create parent directories using the mkdir command pass the -p option. Suppose that the directory path foo/bar/baz is to be created. This can be created with mkdir as follows.
mkdir foo cd foo mkdir bar cd bar mkdir baz tree foo foo └── bar └── baz This may also be achieved in a single command with the -p flag.
mkdir -p foo/bar/baz tree foo foo └── bar └── baz Insufficient permissions when creating a directory
The mkdir command will return a permission denied error when trying to create a directory in a parent directory that the user does not have permissions for.
mkdir /etc/foo mkdir: cannot create directory '/etc/foo': Permission denied In this instance to create a directory in this location the user will need sudo permissions or to contact a system administrator.
How to set permissions when creating a directory
To set permissions when creating a directory pass the -m option. This accepts a number value to set the file mode. If no options are passed to mdkir the directory will be created with read, write and execute permissions for the user (755). In the following example the directory is created to be world readable.
mkdir -m 777 foo ls -la total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 george users 4096 Sep 9 20:59 . drwxr-xr-x 8 george users 4096 Sep 9 20:47 .. drwxrwxrwx 2 george users 4096 Sep 9 20:59 foo Further reading
- mkdir man page
- The Linux mkdir command
- file (command) Wikipedia page
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How To Create A Directory In Linux
Source: https://shapeshed.com/unix-mkdir/
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